Though the Intersolar show in San Francisco last week was represented far more heavily by PV than solar thermal, there are indications that concentrated solar power (CSP) is enjoying a significant up-tick in public attention. In particular, CSP, rather quiet in the last decade, is expected to experience 46% CAGR in the coming 20 years.

As Heidi Hafes of CSP Today writes in Renewable Energy World, almost 11 gW is “under development.” The problem appears when we pull apart exactly what Ms. Hafes means by that. As she points out, this is a minefield full of delays and blind alleys — in many cases, created by the forces that oppose renewables. She writes: “Three out of four Americans support putting solar power plants on public lands. Yet while oil and gas companies have received more than 74,000 permits to operate on federal lands in the past two decades, utility-scale solar developers have received zero.”

The political supremacy of the fossil fuel industries, achieved in large part through the work of its 7000 lobbyists, has successfully extorted enough votes in Washington to make the migration to renewables very difficult indeed. And if you think they’re good at corruption inside the Beltway and in our state capitals, they’re even better at covering their tracks with public relations. Unfortunately, most people will never even notice the outrageous doubletalk of the oil companies’ vigorously repositioning themselves as “energy” companies – to be perceived as “part of the solution” — to use Chevron’s obscene language. Most people will find it perfectly credible that BP wants to take us “Beyond Petroleum.” And they’ll fall in love with Shell’s extensive new ad campaign, launched directly into the teeth of public outrage of the entire oil sector.

As EnvironmentalLeader.com reports:

The campaign, which Shell is calling “Let’s Go,” repositions Shell as an energy, rather than oil, company, with one television spot implying Shell is investing more money on cleaner-burning natural gas than any other oil company. The campaign will be rolled out across TV, print, and online mediums, and also features two new websites: shell.us/letsgo and energygalaxy.com.

That’s simply nauseating.

It’s hard to encounter this and not be reminded of the famous words of Nazi propagandist Joseph Goebbels: “If you tell a lie big enough and keep repeating it, people will eventually come to believe it.”  Of course, Goebbels didn’t exactly meet a happy end; he remained loyal to Hitler until the end, and, in April 1945, he killed his family and himself while Berlin was falling to Soviet troops.  Maybe there’s some sort of lesson to be learned there.

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[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IY7faqvBVz8&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0&color1=0x234900&color2=0x4e9e00&border=1]

I point out to my guest (Pat Mahan from FunRide) that I see a great deal of reason for alarm with the expanding war, no clean energy policy in the US, etc. — and I ask, “Does the story have a happy ending?” Pat sees the phenomenon of car sharing as a reason for hope for a brighter tomorrow, and discusses his rationale with me here.

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A few hours ago, I met Dr. Kurt Chistienson, whose company Optomec “paints” the thin silver “fingers” onto PV cells – using proprietary technology that makes them as thin as 30 microns – (a considerable advantage over his competitors’ 40 microns as these conductive circuits cast unwanted shadows on the silicon).  A few minutes later, I ran into a fellow whose group had recently drilled 13,000 holes (for a large solar array) in 20 days.

Within a few yards of one another, this year’s visitors to the Intersolar show found everything from the incredible high-tech machine tools that control physical processes to within 70 nanometers, to eight-foot-long “ground screws” that form the foundation for solar farms. Then, add in all the folks with products and services that complement the physical industry: financiers, print and electronic media, and representatives of various states and regions, hoping to attract projects – and thus jobs.

Another element of diversity that one couldn’t help notice is the global nature of the solar industry. As I’ve been lamenting recently, it’s clear that the US lags behind many other countries in renewable energy, and this phenomenon became that much more painfully obvious at the show. There were plenty of Chinese manufacturers, but entire sections of each of the three floors were exclusively German – with their almost religious devotion to the subject and their perennial stranglehold on state-of-the art engineering.

The omnipresence of the Germans was not entirely a bad thing, however. Of course, anyone with any sense deeply respects what they’ve done in the industry. But even those lacking that sense had to be impressed with the strong coffee they served in the mornings, and the cold beer (Becks and Spaten — what’s not to like there?) in the evenings.

Yet, again, the whole experience, exhilarating as it may have been, was a painful reminder that the US has been caught unawares in the migration to renewables. When I wasn’t running 100 miles per hour myself, I stood and watched thousands of others Americans: job seekers, entrepreneurs, investors — people from all walks of life — scrambling — like so many salmon swimming against the current.

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A recent letter to President Obama supporting nuclear energy was composed and signed by many people whom I have no doubt are genuinely distinguished and dedicated energy experts, and who I’m certain all sincerely and ethically follow their best lights on this subject. I’d like to supply some contrasting perspective.

In my estimation, there are six major factors that bear consideration in any complete discussion of the pursuit of nuclear energy:

1) Plant Lifespan
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As planned, I used my trip to the Intersolar show to connect busily with many industry colleagues, including my friends at Renewable Energy World.  And, true to form, these folks weren’t exactly lounging around either. I found the company’s president, Jim Callahan, hard at work in the company’s booth on the third floor, speaking to industry VIPs, while Stephen Lacey was conducting back-to-back on-camera interviews with spokespeople from a variety of disciplines and technologies in their impromptu but ultra-professional Internet TV studio on the first floor.

I was sad to note that most of the show was devoted to PV (vs. concentrated solar power), but I happened to come by the studio at a point where Stephen was chatting with a top representative of CSP, Charlie Ricker, Senior Vice President of Business Development for BrightSource Energy. Stephen asked, “So are you one of these people who believes that we’ll ultimately see hundreds or thousands of square miles of CSP in the southwestern deserts, and transmission lines to the population centers all over North America?” I was delighted that Charlie replied, “Yes, I believe that’s a very real goal.”

I like to think I’m a man who can hold a viewpoint regardless of its popularity. But it’s always good to hear confirmation from smart people like Charlie.

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There are so many great ideas on display at the Intersolar show here in San Francisco that I couldn’t even attempt to list even a small fraction. But I came across a booth yesterday that I thought bore mentioning – a company called Galaxy Energy that, for $6.25 per Watt, sells an entire solar roofing system. Along with a 25-year guarantee (not bad for any roof), you can skip all the standard roofing material: the tiles, the slate, the singles, the subroof – all of it from the rafters up, and let these folks give you an attractive, beautifully engineered, weatherproof solution, where each mono-crystaline silicon panel (1.65 X. .99 meters) gives you 240 Watts.  What a terrific idea.

I laughed when I saw the simplicity and beauty of the idea. I told them, “Here’s a marketing concept you could explore: How many roofs do you want on your building?

No extra charge.

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[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwFD5XOVMUU&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0&color1=0x234900&color2=0x4e9e00&border=1]

FunRide’s Pat Mahan was on the 2GreenEnergy Report, discussing the demographics that make car sharing work. I’ve observed that ZipCar, the 600 pound gorilla of car sharing, tends to do well in certain cities, and not so well in others. What constitutes the difference? What is there about FunRide that may render my observation irrelevant? Their fleet is 100% AFVs (alternative fuel vehicles) — but does that make a difference? If so, why?

I hope you’ll check it out.

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From time to time I come across content on other sites that I recommend to 2GreenEnergy readers. Here’s a webinar called “Is There Hope for Solar?” — produced by my new-found friends at The Energy Collective.

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I’m headed up to San Francisco to the Intersolar show tomorrow morning for a couple of days of meetings, and, of course, checking out the show itself.

I just realized that I’m entering my fourth decade of attending trade shows now.  I remember seeing a gawky kid with glasses at a show in the early 80s, and someone said, “Oh, that’s Bill Gates. He has a software company.  I wonder if it will go anywhere?” Since then, I can’t count how many events I’m traipsed through in Europe and North America, on some mission or another.

One thing I find interesting is what I call the “tone” of the show.  Of course, the promoters of all shows represent that theirs is the most exciting event in the universe — even in subject matter areas that most people find dull as dishwater.  But beneath the loud music and the flashing lights, I try to read the true feelings that underlie the show.

A good example is the auto shows, which I often attend to see the alternate fuel vehicles and to meet the people associated with them.  The car shows in Los Angeles and Detroit these last couple of years still have the glitz and the pretty girls — but there is something palpably wrong: people aren’t buying cars, and the OEMs are obviously scaling way back — on everything: promotions — even entire product annoucements. People still wear smiles — because it’s their job to do so — but you can almost hear them thinking, “Wow, this is terrible.”

It will be interesting to see what Intersolar is like.  Obviously, the solar industry is under some real pressure, with precipitous drops in PV prices with the attendent distressed margins, and a horrible environment for capital formation. Then you have what could be called the recalcitrance of the traditional energy industry. As I’ve often said, these fossil fuel people aren’t going away anytime soon — ecological disaster or no. I would think that this, combined with the overall economic climate, would tend to cast a kind of pallor over the place.

On the other hand, the solar thermal industry — far less mature than PV — boasts some terrific breakthroughs in technologies that are very interesting indeed.

We’ll see what happens — and what that “tone” will be like. I’ll update you on my travels. If you happen to be there and want to say hello, please hit “contact.”

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Introduction

Although this paper has been written primarily to deal with energy concerns in the United States of America, much of the information will be useful for other countries also.

Regardless of whether we are concerned about global warming, we know that burning  fossil fuels damages the environment and causes health problems.  Therefore, we should be working diligently to develop alternative energy sources to end our dependence on fossil fuels.  Moreover, we should be sure that those alternative energy sources are capable of ending our dependence on fossil fuels and not simply reducing the amount of fossil fuels which we use.  To do so, they must be capable of providing continuous power 24 hours per day, 365 days per year.

The proposed alternatives to fossil fuels include wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy.  Hydroelectric power is also useful, but I am excluding that because we have already developed practically all of our available hydroelectric sites here in the United States.  When considering alterative sources of energy, we should also consider what would be practical in countries outside of the United States since sources of power which would be practical in the United States may not be practical elsewhere.

To be able to understand adequately the challenges of developing alternative sources of energy, we must have an adequate understanding of how our current sources of energy operate.  Accordingly, I shall begin by explaining some of the operational details of coal, gas, hydroelectric, and nuclear power plants.  After that, I will explain the advantages and disadvantages of wind and solar power.  That will facilitate a better understanding of the challenges of integrating wind and solar power with the existing sources of power.  Then, I will explain why nuclear power is probably the only source of energy that can economically and reliably provide the large amounts of power required by an industrialized world.  Last, I shall address the problems of eliminating the use of petroleum to power our transportation system.

Current  Sources  of  Electricity

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